Ear, nose and throat disorders represent a large proportion of healthcare problems in children. Pediatricians or family practitioners usually treat these problems initially. However, when the problem is not resolved, becomes more severe, or is a complex condition with a recognized need for a specialist's attention, the patient is referred to an otolaryngologist.

An otolaryngologist is a physician who has specialized training in the medical and surgical management of ear, nose and throat problems. Sinus problems occur frequently in children, however, symptoms and treatment can vary. Due to their young age, children may not have the same symptoms as adults. Symptoms often times include behavioral changes as well as outward signs of respiratory or illness symptoms.